Pilot Study: Clinical Trial of Ultrasound Guiding Pharmacopuncture Therapy for Acute Low Back Pain

Inclusion Criteria: Participants must meet all of the following: Adults aged 19 to 70 years. Patients who developed acute low back pain within 7 days after a traffic accident. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score of 5 or higher for low back pain. Radiological evidence of disc narrowing on lumbar spine X-ray. Complaints of radiating leg pain. Hospitalized for treatment related to the traffic accident. Able and willing to provide written informed consent voluntarily. Exclusion Criteria: Participants will be excluded if they meet any of the following: Diagnosed with serious underlying conditions causing back pain (e.g., malignancy, spinal infection, inflammatory spondylitis). Presence of progressive or severe neurological deficits. Underwent lumbar surgery or procedures within the past 3 weeks. Back pain caused by non-spinal soft tissue disorders (e.g., fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, gout). Presence of chronic conditions that could interfere with study results (e.g., cardiovascular disease, renal disease, diabetic neuropathy, dementia, epilepsy). Taking medications that could affect study outcomes (e.g., steroids, immunosuppressants, psychiatric drugs). Contraindicated or unsafe for acupuncture (e.g., bleeding disorders, anticoagulant therapy, severe diabetes with infection risk, severe cardiovascular conditions). Currently pregnant or planning pregnancy. Diagnosed with severe mental illness. Participation in other clinical trials (excluding observational studies). Unable to properly complete the informed consent form. Deemed inappropriate for participation by the investigator for any other reason.